Bài viết sưu tầm

Cho sơ đồ mạng như sau:

Hãy cấu hình Load balancing với OSPF.

Sơ đồ demo trên EVE-NG:

Trên Router-SDC:

en

conf t

hostname Router-SDC

int e0/0

 no sh

 ip add 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0

 ex

int e0/1

 no sh

 ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.252

 ex

int e0/2

 no sh

 ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.252

 ex

int e0/3

 no sh

 ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.252

 ex

int e1/1

 no sh

 ip add 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.252

 ex

int e1/2

 no sh

 ip add 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.252

 ex

int e1/3

 no sh

 ip add 192.168.6.1 255.255.255.252

 ex

router ospf 100

 maximum-paths 6

 network 192.168.0.0 0.0.7.255 area 0

 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 exit

int range e0/1 - 3

 ip ospf cost 5

 ex

int range e1/1 - 3

 ip ospf cost 5

 ex

end

write

Lưu ý: Nếu có sự thay đổi về cấu hình OSPF thì nhớ gõ lệnh clear ip ospf process để Router khởi động lại các tiến trình OSPF.

Trên Router R1:

en

conf t

hostname R1

int f0/0

 no sh

 ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252

 ex

int f0/1

 no sh

 ip add 172.16.0.1 255.255.0.0

 ex

router ospf 100

 network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0

 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0

 ex

end

write

Trên Router R2:

en

conf t

hostname R2

int f0/0

 no sh

 ip add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.252

 ex

int f0/1

 no sh

 ip add 172.16.0.2 255.255.0.0

 ex

router ospf 100

 network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.3 area 0

 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0

 ex

end

write

Trên Router R3:

en

conf t

hostname R3

int f0/0

 no sh

 ip add 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.252

 ex

int f0/1

 no sh

 ip add 172.16.0.3 255.255.0.0

 ex

router ospf 100

 network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.3 area 0

 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0

 ex

end

write

Trên Router R4:

en

conf t

hostname R4

int f0/0

 no sh

 ip add 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.252

 ex

int f0/1

 no sh

 ip add 172.16.0.4 255.255.0.0

 ex

router ospf 100

 network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.3 area 0

 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0

 ex

end

write

Trên Router R5:

en

conf t

hostname R5

int f0/0

 no sh

 ip add 192.168.5.2 255.255.255.252

 ex

int f0/1

 no sh

 ip add 172.16.0.5 255.255.0.0

 ex

router ospf 100

 network 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.3 area 0

 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0

 ex

end

write

Trên Router R6:

en

conf t

hostname R6

int f0/0

 no sh

 ip add 192.168.6.2 255.255.255.252

 ex

int f0/1

 no sh

 ip add 172.16.0.6 255.255.0.0

 ex

router ospf 100

 network 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.3 area 0

 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0

 ex

end

write

Trên Router-External:

en

conf t

hostname Router-External

int f0/0

 no sh

 ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.0.0

 ex

router ospf 100

 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0

 ex

end

write

Dùng các câu lệnh show để kiểm tra thông tin cấu hình

Router-SDC#sh ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP

       a - application route

       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        10.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0

L        10.0.0.1/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0

O     172.16.0.0/16 [110/15] via 192.168.6.2, 00:01:40, Ethernet1/3

                    [110/15] via 192.168.5.2, 00:01:40, Ethernet1/2

                    [110/15] via 192.168.4.2, 00:01:40, Ethernet1/1

                    [110/15] via 192.168.3.2, 00:01:40, Ethernet0/3

                    [110/15] via 192.168.2.2, 00:01:40, Ethernet0/2

                    [110/15] via 192.168.1.2, 00:01:40, Ethernet0/1

      192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.1.0/30 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1

L        192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1

      192.168.2.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.2.0/30 is directly connected, Ethernet0/2

L        192.168.2.1/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/2

      192.168.3.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.3.0/30 is directly connected, Ethernet0/3

L        192.168.3.1/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/3

      192.168.4.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.4.0/30 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1

L        192.168.4.1/32 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1

      192.168.5.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.5.0/30 is directly connected, Ethernet1/2

L        192.168.5.1/32 is directly connected, Ethernet1/2

      192.168.6.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.6.0/30 is directly connected, Ethernet1/3

L        192.168.6.1/32 is directly connected, Ethernet1/3

Router-SDC#

Router-SDC#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface

192.168.6.2       1   FULL/DR         00:00:33    192.168.6.2     Ethernet1/3

192.168.5.2       1   FULL/DR         00:00:32    192.168.5.2     Ethernet1/2

192.168.4.2       1   FULL/DR         00:00:33    192.168.4.2     Ethernet1/1

192.168.3.2       1   FULL/DR         00:00:35    192.168.3.2     Ethernet0/3

192.168.2.2       1   FULL/DR         00:00:30    192.168.2.2     Ethernet0/2

192.168.1.2       1   FULL/DR         00:00:33    192.168.1.2     Ethernet0/1

Router-SDC#

Lưu ý: Khi mượn Cisco IOS là Router để giả lập Switch thì các port trên Router có thể phải thêm lệnh "switchport".

(config)# interface range F1/1 - 15

(config-if-range)# switchport

Configuring OSPF Plaintext Password Authentication

router ospf 100

area 0 authentication message-digest

exit

do wr

//Cấu hình trên tất cả các Router trong OSPF Area 0

Plaintext Password Authentication Configuration Example

Sơ đồ: Router-SDC(e0/1) < —----- > (f0/0)R1

R1(config)#int f0/0

R1(config-if)#ip ospf authentication

R1(config-if)#ip ospf authentication-key sdc123

R1(config-if)#do wr

Router-SDC(config)#int e0/1

Router-SDC(config-if)#ip ospf authentication

Router-SDC(config-if)#ip ospf authentication-key sdc123

Router-SDC(config-if)#end

Router-SDC#wr

By: dangocuong@duytan.edu.vn